System can only perform INT 188H and call the cured BASIC program. If there is not an active partition in any one of the four entries, system won't know where to boot the operating system. The role of the master boot program is that it finds an active partition (it can also be bootstrap partition) in the four entries of the partition table. This prompt always appears in very old machines. If this also fails, then it shows: Disk Boot Failure. If BPB table is intact, simple SYS C: is needed to transmit system on the boot drive. If BPB table is broken down, hard disk can't read/write properly after starting with a floppy disk, this can be repaired with NDD.
#Hard disk or driver controller software
Such failures mostly belong to software failure. Possible reasons are: drive reset failure, out-of-bounds (after 544M) of the first sector address in root zone and disk read error. This information will be prompted when boot program of DOS BOOT area executes and find errors. Thirdly, reading disk doesn't have error, but read-out suffix of MBR isn't “55AA”. Secondly, the specified sector can't be found because of logical or physical damage of surface 0 and track 0. Reasons for INT 19H fails to read mbr are: firstly, read operation fails because hard disk fails to read circuit. So, any way trying to avoid corrupted surface 0 and track 0 of hard disk and successfully boot the operating system by using software is impossible, unless you rewrite relevant instructions in INT 19H of system BIOS. The computer shows:Īfter BIOSPOST completes, if it boots from hard disk, system will read fixed surface 0, track 0 and sector 1 of hard disk and find master boot program and partition table. If floppy drive exists, it boots from drive A. This at least tells us that a master boot sector has been correctly read out. Most errors are random, because system boot can perform. Secondly, track mark and sector ID of track where partition boot sector lies, are broken down. After INT 13H fails to read disk, the error will be prompted. That is to say, the start address indicating the partition includes indicating head and 0 sector on the track (address here is physical address and sector should start with 1). The possible reasons include: firstly, the starting physical address of partition indicated by partition table is incorrect for example, the third byte (starting sector number) of partition table entry is changed from 1 to 0. Such failures are prompted when there is an error in reading partition boot sector. Of course, the second way is much more complicated. To repair such failure, the easiest way is to make a backup of partition table in advance, for example, you can use Bootsafe tool of Pctools 9.0 or recalculate partition table according to data of BPB table. The problem of this kind of failure must lies in partition table. If the corresponding entry of a partition or logical drive doesn't exist in the partition table, for operating system, this partition or logical drive also doesn't exist.
This means that the partition or logical drive you want to operate has no definition in the partition table. Failure Information: Invalid Drive Specification Because setting parameter of IDE disk is logic parameter, so in most cases, after floppy disk initiates, C drive can read and write properly, but it can't start. This kind of failure is usually caused by the type setting parameter of hard disk not matching the original format parameter. HDD Controller FailureĪfter POST program sends seeking command to drive, a timeout error is generated because the drive doesn't complete operations within the specified time.
The following content is failure analysis except virus for people to refer: (1). When it is damaged, quickly identifying the cause of failure and excluding the impossible ones are extremely important jobs. Hard drive is an important medium for storing information. It is divided into hard drive, floppy disk drive and optical drive.
#Hard disk or driver controller code
It is used to drive the disk to achieve a steady speed of rotation and control the head for recording and reading information on the disk magnetic layer according to a certain record format and code scheme. Typesĭisk driver is one part of computer disk storage. Therefore, it is considered to be not only an input device but also an output device. Applicationĭisk driver can not only read information stored on disk into memory, but also write information in memory to disk. It was first introduced in Model 305 RAMAC by IBM in 1956. It includes floppy disk drive, hard disk drive, CD-ROM drive and so on.ĭisk driver is composed of head, disk, read/write circuit, mechanical servo device and so on. Disk driver reads data from disk and then passes them to the processor. Disk driver, also called “disk drive”, is a storage device recording information with hard disk.
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